COMBINING GENETIC TRAITS FOR FURFURAL TOLERANCE

Four genetic traits have been identified that increase furfural tolerance in microorganisms, such as ethanol-producing Escherichia coli LY180 (strain W derivative). Increased expression of fucO, ucpA or pntAB, and deletion of yqhD were associated with the increase in furfural tolerance. Microorganisms engineered for resistance to furfural were also more resistant to the mixture of inhibitors in hemicellulose hydrolysates, confirming the importance of furfural as an inhibitory component. The combinations of genetic traits disclosed in this application can be applied, generally, to other microorganisms, such as Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial cells, yeast and fungi to increase furfural tolerance in microorganisms used to make industrially useful products.