SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO UPDATE REFERENCE VOLTAGES OF NON-VOLATILE MEMORY

A data storage device includes non-volatile memory and a controller. The controller is configured to read first data from the non-volatile memory. The first data indicates a first count of storage elements of the group that have a first activation status when sensed with a first reference voltage at a first time. The controller is configured to read second data from the non-volatile memory. The second data indicates a second count of storage elements of the group that have the first activation status when sensed with the first reference voltage at a second time. The controller is configured to generate an updated first reference voltage at least partially based on a difference between the first count and the second count and based on one or more parameters corresponding to a distribution of threshold voltages of storage elements at the first time.