Producing a Marker Pattern and Measurement of an Exposure-Related Property of an Exposure Apparatus

In order to determine whether an exposure apparatus is projecting patterns correctly, a marker pattern is used on a mask for printing a specific marker structure onto a substrate. This marker is then measured by an inspection apparatus to determine whether there are errors in exposure-related properties such as focus and dose. The projection of the marker pattern is modified so as to accentuate the production of side lobe-induced features of the marker structure relative to the production of side lobe-inducted features of the product structure. The form of the marker structure is more responsive to exposure variation than the form of the product structure to exposure variation. The marker pattern includes both primary features and secondary features that augment the side lobe arising from the primary feature to print side lobe-induced features on either side of a primary marker structure. Alternatively, the marker pattern is modified by having a different attenuation factor with respect to the product pattern. Alternatively, the marker pattern is modified by providing a marker dose different from the product dose.