Vertebral replacement device

A vertebral replacement device ( 1 ) includes a female part ( 2 ), a male part ( 3 ) that is mounted inside the female part ( 2 ) and can be axially displaced relative to the female part ( 2 ), first and second locking elements ( 14, 15 ) mounted so as to be movable in translation on the female part ( 2 ) in order to occupy a first position in which they cooperate with respective opposing parts ( 31 ) of a peripheral surface ( 6 ) of the male part ( 3 ) to axially lock the female and male parts ( 2, 3 ) relative to one another, and a second position in which the female and male ( 2, 3 ) parts can be freely displaced axially relative to one another, and a rotating control element ( 20 ) extending radially through the male part ( 3 ) this control element ( 20 ) cooperating with the locking elements ( 14, 15 ) so that, when a rotational movement is communicated to it, it transforms this rotational movement into a translational movement of each of the locking elements ( 14, 15 ) so as to bring the locking elements ( 14, 15 ) into either of the first and second positions.