Microscope stage and microscope having microscope stage mounted thereon

There is provided a microscope stage comprising a substrate whose position is adjustable in a plane orthogonal to a optical axis of an objective lens, an upper plate which mounts an observation sample and is movable in a two-dimensional direction, and a movement restricting member which is provided between the substrate and the upper plate and restricts movement of the upper plate to two directions on the plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the objective lens.