Three dimensionally periodic structural assemblies on nanometer and longer scales

This invention relates to processes for the assembly of three-dimensional structures having periodicities on the scale of optical wavelengths, and at both smaller and larger dimensions, as well as compositions and applications therefore. Invention embodiments involve the self assembly of three-dimen...

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Hauptverfasser:	KOZLOV MIKHAIL, KHAYRULLIN ILYAS I, LIU LO-MIN, CUI CHANGXING, SU JI, UDOD IGOR, BAUGHMAN RAY, ZAKHIDOV ANVAR
Format:	Patent
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	ADHESIVES AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F,C08G AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUSPOLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE APPARATUS THEREFOR ARTIFICIAL STONE CEMENTS CERAMICS CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT CHEMISTRY COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATIONOR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY IONIMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL COATING METALLIC MATERIAL COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDINGMATERIALS COMPOUNDS THEREOF CONCRETE CRYSTAL GROWTH DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS, THE OPTICAL OPERATION OF WHICH ISMODIFIED BY CHANGING THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIUM OF THEDEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE INTENSITY,COLOUR, PHASE, POLARISATION OR DIRECTION OF LIGHT, e.g.SWITCHING, GATING, MODULATING OR DEMODULATING DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL DYES FREQUENCY-CHANGING GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION INGENERAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LAKES LIME, MAGNESIA MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF METALLURGY MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS MORDANTS NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS,MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES ASDISCRETE UNITS NANOTECHNOLOGY NATURAL RESINS NON-LINEAR OPTICS NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS OPTICS ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS PAINTS PERFORMING OPERATIONS PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL PHYSICS POLISHES PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL REFRACTORIES SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH SLAG SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THESURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION TECHNIQUES OR PROCEDURES FOR THE OPERATION THEREOF THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS TRANSPORTING TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS,TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL ORUNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL WORKING-UP
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	This invention relates to processes for the assembly of three-dimensional structures having periodicities on the scale of optical wavelengths, and at both smaller and larger dimensions, as well as compositions and applications therefore. Invention embodiments involve the self assembly of three-dimensionally periodic arrays of spherical particles, the processing of these arrays so that both infiltration and extraction processes can occur, one or more infiltration steps for these periodic arrays, and, in some instances, extraction steps. The product articles are three-dimensionally periodic on a scale where conventional processing methods cannot be used. Articles and materials made by these processes are useful as thermoelectrics and thermionics, electrochromic display elements, low dielectric constant electronic substrate materials, electron emitters (particularly for displays), piezoelectric sensors and actuators, electrostrictive actuators, piezochromic rubbers, gas storage materials, chromatographic separation materials, catalyst support materials, photonic bandgap materials for optical circuitry, and opalescent colorants for the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regions.