Throwing toughness buffer mesh unit for rockfall protection and design method of critical throwing angle thereof

A throwing toughness buffer mesh unit for a rockfall protection and a design method of a critical throwing angle thereof are provided. The throwing toughness buffer mesh unit includes a cable column, wherein the cable column is provided with a sliding device on a top end and connected to a foundation structure via a hinged support at a bottom; a support rope, wherein the support rope is connected to the sliding device on the cable column in a sliding way and provided with a spring buffer on an end, wherein the spring buffer is obliquely anchored to a rock mass base near a protection structure; a protection net, which is obliquely hung on the support rope via a connector. A pavement inclination angle of the protection net is adjusted to a critical throwing angle by adjusting a height difference between cable columns to control a throwing track of falling rocks.