Visual analysis platform utilizing dynamic group data elements in custom calculations

A method for generating data visualizations includes receiving user selection of a data source, and receiving user input to define a dynamic set according to: (i) user selection of visual marks in a visualization region and/or (ii) user specification of a parameter corresponding to data fields in the data source. The method also includes receiving user input to define a calculation to compare data values for a data field from the data source to data values in the dynamic set. The method further includes identifying a set of rows from the data source whose data values are included in the dynamic set. The method also includes receiving user input to place a data field from the data source in a shelf region, and displaying a data visualization that includes a plurality of visual marks corresponding to data values, of the data field, in the set of rows.