Method for storing and recovering key for blockchain-based system, and device therefor

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory, a communication circuit, a display, and a processor connected to the memory, the communication circuit, and the display, wherein the memory stores instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to acquire device information relating to a plurality of external electronic devices, on the basis of the device information, select a plurality of distribution storage devices for storing a distribution key from among the plurality of external electronic devices, generate a plurality of distribution keys obtained by dividing mnemonic information or a seed value for generating a key for electronically signing data to be transmitted to a blockchain network, and control the communication circuit such that the plurality of distribution keys are distributed and transmitted to the plurality of distribution storage devices.