Key-value data storage system using content addressable memory

A memory system includes a memory device comprising a content addressable memory (CAM) block storing a plurality of stored search keys and a value data block. The memory system further includes a processing device that receives an input search key and identifies one of the plurality of stored search keys that matches the input search key, the one of the plurality of stored search keys having an associated match location in the CAM block. The processing device further determines, using the associated match location, a corresponding value location in the value data block and retrieves, from the value location in the value data block, data representing a value associated with the input search key.