Low-swelling graphite anode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery

A low-swelling graphite anode material, a preparation method thereof, and a lithium ion battery including the graphite anode material. The preparation method of the graphite anode material includes: (1) mixing a graphite raw material with a modifier, and then performing heating modification; (2) performing heat treatment on the modified graphite under a protective atmosphere; and (3) performing post-treatment on the heat-treated graphite to obtain the graphite anode material. The graphite anode material has an extremely low swelling rate, excellent cycle performance, and outstanding rate performance, an swelling rate being 24.3% or lower, a normal temperature 10C/1C discharge capacity retention rate being greater than 90%, and a capacity retention rate after charging and discharging for 300 times being 91% or greater.