Method and apparatus with neural network operation processing

A processor-implemented neural network method includes: obtaining a first weight kernel of a weight model and pruning information of the first weight kernel; determining, based on the pruning information, a processing range of an input feature map for each weight element vector of the first weight kernel; performing a convolution operation between the input feature map and the first weight kernel based on the determined processing range; and generating an output feature map of a neural network layer based on an operation result of the convolution operation.