Systems and methods for generating instructions for navigating intersections with autonomous vehicles

Systems and methods for generating instructions for a vehicle to navigate an unsignaled intersection are provided. The method may include: generating an expected return over a sequence of actions of the vehicle; determining an optimal policy by selecting an action with a maximum value for the vehicle; executing dynamic frame skipping to expedite learning a repeated action of the vehicle; prioritize an experience replay by utilizing an experience replay buffer to break correlations between sequential steps of the vehicle; generate a plurality of state-action representations based on at least one of the expected return, the optimal policy, the dynamic frame skipping, or the prioritized experience replay; generate the instructions for navigating the unsignaled intersection based on the plurality of state-action representations; and transmit the instructions for navigating the unsignaled intersection to the vehicle such that the vehicle executes the instructions to navigate the unsignaled intersection.