Data communication method for wireless charging and electronic device using same

An electronic device is includes battery; coil; wireless charging circuit electrically connected to coil; power management module configured to control charge state of battery by using power supplied from receiving circuit; and processor operatively connected to wireless charging circuit and power management module, wherein processor is configured to request configuration information for performing wireless charging from external device through the wireless charging circuit; determine whether wireless charging is possible, based on a response to the request for configuration information; when the wireless charging is possible, request encrypted authentication information from the external device so as to perform authentication with respect to the external device; when the external device is an unauthenticated device, request the external device to transmit a first predetermined power; and when the external device is an authenticated device, request the external device to transmit a second predetermined power that is higher than the first predetermined power.