Operation device and operation method

[Subject] Development costs of operation automation are reduced.[Solution] An operation apparatus (1) includes a message storage unit (31) configured to store messages to be exchanged between a plurality of types of operational components, the operational components obtained by converting an operational process executed as the operation into components, a firing rule storage unit (32) storing rules to be applied to each of the operational components, an action storage unit (33) storing actions indicating operation content of each of the operational components, a rule execution unit (22) configured to refer to the message storage unit (31) and the firing rule storage unit (32) and, when there is a firing rule, execute, for each of the operational components, a process of selecting the action corresponding to the firing rule from the action storage unit, an action execution unit (23) configured to execute the selected action for each of the operational components, and a transmission message processing unit (24) configured to execute, for each of the operational components, a process of creating a message addressed to the other operational components on the basis of an execution result of the executed action.