Automatic bounding region annotation for localization of abnormalities

Mechanisms are provided for automatically annotating input images with bounding region annotations and corresponding anomaly labels. The mechanisms segment an input image to generate a mask corresponding to recognized internal structures of a subject. A template data structure is generated that specifies standardized internal structure zones of the subject. The mechanisms register the mask with the template data structure to generate a template registered mask identifying standardized internal structure zones present within the mask, and generate bounding region annotations for each standardized internal structure zone of the template registered mask. The bounding region annotations are correlated with labels indicating whether or not the bounding region comprises an anomaly in the input image based on an analysis of a received natural language text description of the input image. The bounding region annotations and labels are stored in association with the input image.