Filter container attachment and detachment system

A filter attachment and detachment apparatus removably attaching a filter container containing a filter, as a part of a filtration apparatus that filters fluid with the filter, includes a first mounting protrusion at one end of the filter container to protrude from the filter container, the first mounting protrusion including a flow path in fluid communication with the filter inside the filter container, a rotation element to which a first flow path for the fluid is connected, the rotation element including an opening groove configured to receive the first mounting protrusion, and a first mounting protrusion holding part configured to rotatably hold the rotation element. The first mounting protrusion holding part includes an inner periphery surface and a notch communicating with an outer side of the inner periphery surface, where in a state where the first mounting protrusion is inserted into the opening groove through the notch, by rotating the rotation element, the first mounting protrusion is bound between the inner periphery surface of the first mounting protrusion holding part and the rotation element.