Generating floor maps for buildings from automated analysis of visual data of the buildings' interiors

Techniques are described for using computing devices to perform automated operations for analyzing video (or other image sequences) acquired in a defined area, as part of generating mapping information of the defined area for subsequent use (e.g., for controlling navigation of devices, for display on client devices in corresponding GUIs, etc.). The defined area may include an interior of a multi-room building, and the generated information may include a floor map of the building, such as from an analysis of some or all image frames of the video (e.g., 360° image frames from 360° video) using structure-from-motion techniques to identify objects with associated plane and normal orthogonal information, and then clustering detected planes and/or normals from multiple analyzed images to determine likely wall locations. The generating may be further performed without using acquired depth information about distances from the video capture locations to objects in the surrounding building.