Electronic device and method by which electronic device recognizes connection terminal of external device

An electronic device is provided including a connector comprising a plurality of terminals, the connector being configured to be connected with an external device; a circuit electrically connected to at least a subset of the plurality of terminals; and a processor electrically connected to the circuit, wherein the processor is configured to detect a connection of the external device through the connector, detect a first impedance of a first electrical path including a first terminal of the plurality of terminals, detect a second impedance of a second electrical path including a second terminal of the plurality of terminals, and determine a connection direction of the external device connected through the connector, based on the first impedance and the second impedance.