Radiation therapy interactive planning

A radiation therapy system (100) includes a radiation therapy (RT) optimizer unit (102) and an interactive planning interface unit (120). The RT optimizer unit (102) receives at least one target structure and at least one organ-at-risk (OAR) structure segmented from a volumetric image (108), and generates an optimized RT plan (140) based on dose objectives (200-204, 210-222, 320), at least one dose objective of the dose objectives corresponding to each of the at least one target structure (210-222) and the at least one OAR structure (200-204). The optimized RT plan includes a planned radiation dose for each voxel of the volumetric image using external beam radiation therapy, wherein the RT optimizer unit operates iteratively. The interactive planning interface unit (120) interactively controls each of the dose objectives through controls (300) displayed on a single display (126) of a display device (124), operates the RT optimizer unit to iteratively compute the planned radiation dose according to the controls, and provide visual feedback (310, 134) on the single display according to progress of the RT optimizer unit after each trial.