Tracking and identification method and system and aircraft

Disclosed are a tracking and identification method and system and an aircraft. The method includes: obtaining, by a first aircraft, a first feature parameter of a target object; if image data captured by the first aircraft does not match the first feature parameter, adjusting the first aircraft to a predetermined high-altitude area relative to the target object according to location information of a second aircraft that is sent by the second aircraft or location information of the target object, where the second aircraft is in a predetermined low-altitude area relative to the target object, and image data captured by the second aircraft matches a second feature parameter of the target object. The first aircraft in the predetermined high-altitude area and the second aircraft in the predetermined low-altitude area in embodiments of the present invention form high-low altitude cooperation and are respectively configured to track and identify the target object, thereby implementing transfer of location information between two or more aircrafts as well as tracking and identifying the target object.