Devices, systems, and methods for reducing storage utilization with data deduplication

In some aspects, devices, systems, and methods are provided that relate to data deduplication performed in data storage devices, such as solid-state drives (SSD) or drives of any other type. In some aspects, devices, systems, and methods are provided that relate to hierarchical data deduplication at a local and system level, such as in a storage system built with one or more SSDs having built-in data deduplication functionality. The hierarchical data deduplication utilizes the IDs in the data storage devices to decide if the incoming data has to be stored or if a copy of the incoming data is already stored. In hierarchical data deduplication, no IDs (or signatures) are required to be stored at a system level. In some aspects, data steering is provided that enables data storing coordination in a system that consists of a set of data storage device (e.g., SSDs) having built-in data deduplication.