Charging member, manufacturing method of charging member, electrophotographic apparatus, and process cartridge

A charging member including an electro-conductive support; and an elastic layer, the elastic layer is a surface layer thereof and is constituted by a mono layer, the elastic layer includes domains and a matrix, an outer surface of the charging member is constituted by a surface of the matrix and surfaces of the domains, and the charging member has concave portions on the outer surface, the domains exist at bottom portions of the respective concave portions and are exposed to the outer surface of the charging member only at the bottom portions of the respective concave portions, the elastic layer has a volume resistivity of 1×105 Ωcm or more and 1×108 Ωcm or less, and A2 is 20 times or more of A1, wherein A1 and A2 are current values obtained by a prescribed method.