Adaptive groove focusing and leveling device and method

Disclosed is an adaptive groove focusing and leveling device for measuring the height and the inclination of the surface of a measured object (400). The measured object (400) is provided with cyclic grooves (401) in the surface and supported by a moving table; the focusing and leveling device sequentially comprises an illumination unit, a projection unit, a detection unit and a detector (212); the measured object (400) is positioned between the projection unit and the detection unit along the light path, the projection unit comprises a projection slit (203) and is used for forming a plurality of measuring points (501) on the measured object (400), and each measuring point (501) comprises at least three measuring child light spots (502), wherein the at least three measuring child light spots (502) are arranged at unequal intervals, so that when the plurality of measuring points (501) are projected to the surface of the measured object (400), at least two of the at least three measuring child light spots (502) of each measuring point (501) can be positioned outside the grooves (401), and then the height and the inclination of the surface of the measured object (400) are measured.