Output system, output apparatus, and output method for outputting data with authentication during failure events

An output system includes a terminal apparatus to receive an accumulation instruction from a user, an accumulation apparatus to accumulate first output job information, an output apparatus to acquire data from an accumulation destination specified in the first output job information, and an authentication apparatus to authenticate the user. The output apparatus includes a holder to hold authentication history information of the user with identification information of the user and terminal apparatus, an authentication controller to request, upon detecting failure in the accumulation apparatus or authentication apparatus, the terminal apparatus identified by the identification information utilizing the identification information of the user and terminal apparatus to perform authentication based on the identification information of the user, and an output controller to acquire second output job information from the terminal apparatus succeeded in authentication, acquire data specified in the second output job information from the terminal apparatus, and output the data.