PLASMATRONE (VARIANTS)

Invention relates to the plasma treatment of materials and it can be used for the plasma-arc cutting of metals. Plasmatrone consists of housing made of dielectric material with hollow copper electrode mounted in it, through which the plasma-forming gas is supplied, swirl vane with tangential channels for supplying the plasma-forming gas into the discharge chamber and elastic dielectric bushing separating it from the electrode, external metal casing, and channels of supply/discharge of cooling water. On the rear part of electrode the conical surface is located with an angle, which is smaller or equal to the angle of friction, on which the electrode is hermetically connected with its covering metallic chuck, and the butt end of said chuck through the annular elastic element is abutted against elastic dielectric bushing. Metallic chuck has two slit openings located in parallel with its axis and diametrically opposite to each other. The external cylindrical surface of metallic chuck forms internal surfaces of channels of supply/discharge of cooling water and plasma-forming gas. In one of the channels plasma-forming gas supply the valve is located with possibility of reciprocating displacement inside the opening of variable section, one end of which is abutted against elastic element. Plasmatrone contains the nut located along the thread on the housing of plasmatrone coaxially with metal casing, in this case, between butt ends of said nut and casing an annular elastic element is located. The invention allows achieving compactness of design, increasing the service life of electrode and reliability of plasmatrone.