PLASMATRON (VARIANTS)

The present invention relates to the equipment for arc-plasmous cutting of metal. The proposed plasmatron is distinctive by improving characteristics of cooling the most heated parts of the plasmatron due to the installation of the electrode of the plasmatron in an insulated sleeve and the nozzle ofthe plasmatron in a swirler, the selection of the nozzle taper angle that does not exceed the friction angle, and the provision of an annular gap between the nozzle and the swirler, an annular gap between the casing of the plasmatron, and the nut for fixing the casing, providing the vibrations of plasma-generating gas flow that passes through the electrode due to the installation of a rotating element, which has a slot with a variable cross-section area, at the surface of the plasmatron casing, increasing the service life of the plasmatron due to that the electrode in the operative position rests toward a ring made of resilient material, providing the seal of the water-cooled electrode chamber, increasing the strength of the plasmatron casing due to the installation of a cover with a rod, and providing electric connection between the casing cover and the insulated sleeve of the electrode due to the installation of a flexible current lead in the passage for supplying or draining cooling water. The advantages of the proposed plasmatron are the following: improved cooling of the casing,inside and outside surfaces of the nozzle and the swirler, increased service life, increased resistance to mechanical effects, compactness, and enhanced reliability in operation.