method for producing degradable foam polyurethanes

The invention relates to synthesis of foam polyurethanes (FPU) produced from diisocyanates and mix of polyesters and polyethers which can find an application in the chemical, medical, motor, airplane and consumer goods industries of the national economy and are decomposable in ambient conditions after the completion of their useful life.The task at which the invention is aimed is the development of the method for producing foam polyurethanes (FPU) having a high and accelerated degradability by the action of aggressive environmental conditions after the completion of their useful life.In order to solve the invention task the method is proposed for producing degradable foam polyurethanes by interaction of polyol and isocyanate components, catalysts, foam stabilizers, natural constituents; according to the proposed invention, initially the isocyanate prepolymer (IPP) (isocyanate component) is synthesized by the interaction of 2,4-2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) with hydroxyl-containing vegetable oil (VO) or hydroxyl-containing reactive oligomer (HRO) (a product of glycerolysis of non-hydroxyl VO) with a ration of NCO/OH=2:1, respectively, in dry inert gas medium by intensive mixing at a temperature of 25±2 °C for 60 minutes up to 50% depletion of NCO-groups, then the polyol component is produced by mixing as water foaming agent, as amine catalyst of diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), organo-tin catalyst of stannous octoate (S.O.), foam stabilizers of the copolymer of polydimethylsiloxane and alkylene oxides (KEP-2) and paraffinic oil, natural constituents of reactive polysaccharides (PS) in the form of aqueous gels (5 or 10%) and mix of polyesters and polyethers with a molecular mass of 500-5000 and interaction is carried out with isocyanate prepolymer (IPP) at a room temperature and intensive mixing until foam development (60-150 s) to be filled in the mold.As hydroxyl-containing vegetable oil (VO) the use is made of castor oil (CO). As non-hydroxyl VO the use is made of soya oil (SO), flax-seed oil (FO), and palm-pulp oil (PO).As reactive polysaccharides (PS) the use is made of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), sodium alginate (Na-Al), sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (Na-CMC). Изобретение касается синтеза пенополиуретанов (ППУ), которые получают из диизоцианатов и смеси полиэстеров и полиэтеров, которые могут найти применение в химической, медицинской, автомобильной, авиационной, легкой отраслях народного хозяйства и способны разлагаться в условиях окружающей среды посл