Reactive distillation, uses of the reactive distillation, and packing column for carrying out the reactive distillation

The reactive distillation is carried out in a column (1) with a packing (2) which is at least partly designed as a catalyst carrier (23). Fluids (3, 4) which form two phases of different densities flow through the packing. An internal volume flow (300) is set for the denser fluid (3), the value of which lies in an interval (I) about a distinguished value (a), with this value being associated with a dwell time distribution (32) of the denser fluid: for the distinguished value the variance (s) of the dwell time distribution as a function of the internal volume flow takes on a minimum; and at the boundaries of the named interval the internal volume flow does not differ from the distinguished value by more than 30%, preferably by more than 10%.