Antireflection film-equipped transparent substrate and image display device

The present invention pertains to an antireflection film-equipped transparent substrate which has a transparent substrate that has two principal surfaces, and a diffusion layer and an antireflection film that are disposed on one principal surface of the transparent substrate in this order from the transparent substrate side, wherein when reflection on the other principal surface of the transparent substrate is eliminated, and light from a light source is incident on the one principal surface side at an incidence angle of 45 DEG, at a D 65 light source, a* and b* of diffused reflected light at respective angles of -15 DEG, 15 DEG, and 25 DEG with respect to specularly reflected light satisfy expressions (1) and (2). (1): -5 ≤ a* ≤ -1, (2): 0 ≤ b* ≤ 9.