TOLL COLLECTION SYSTEM, POSITION MEASUREMENT METHOD, AND PROGRAM

A toll collection system (1) is configured to perform communication for toll collection with an on-board unit (A1) present within a defined communication region defined on a lane, among on-board units (A1) mounted in vehicles (A) traveling on the lane and includes: a vehicle detector which is configured to detect entry of a vehicle (A) 5 to the lane; a vehicle type identification unit (37) which is configured to identify the vehicle type of the vehicle (A) at a stage before the vehicle is detected by the vehicle detector; and a position measurement unit (31) which is configured to measure, on the basis of a position measurement signal (D4) obtained by receiving, through a predetermined position measurement antenna (22A), radio waves transmitted by the 10 on-board unit (A1) after the vehicle is detected by the vehicle detector, the position of the on-board unit (A1) which has transmitted the radio waves, wherein the position measurement unit (31) is configured to measure the position of the on-board unit (A1) on the basis of an angle of arrival of the radio waves, measured on the basis of the position measurement signal (D4), and an installation height of the on-board unit (A1), estimated 15 from a vehicle type identification result of the vehicle (A).