DIAPHRAGMLESS ELECTROLYZER FOR PRODUCTION OF MAGNESIUM AND CHLORINE

FIELD: nonferrous metallurgy and electrolytic processes. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of magnesium via electrolysis of melt chlorides. Electrolyzer has housing 1, lining 2, and electrolytic compartments 3 with steel cathodes 4 brought out through longitudinal wall and graphite anodes 5 brought out through bottom. Anodes 5 are distanced from longitudinal wall at 1- 4 interelectrode distances. Cathode screens 6 abut upon lining but may be distanced from it by 1-2.5 interelectrode distances. Distance from bottom to screen 6 is 0.4-1.5 that from bottom to lower edge of cathode 4. Between inactive surfaces of end anodes 5 and linen, there are channels for withdrawing magnesium 15 whose bottom is deepened by 0.2-0.5 height of cathode 4 and width is 0.5- 1.0 distance between anode ends and longitudinal wall linen. Combined cell 7 is placed between electrolytic compartments 3, separated from them by partitions 8, and closed with caps 13. Partition 8 being in front of electrodes is continuous. Against channels for withdrawing magnesium, windows 9 are available. Magnesium may also be withdrawn through additional windows 10. Windows 10 placed in opposite partitions 8 are shifted in relation to each other and/or are at an angle to longitudinal axis of electrolyzer. Ends of the combined cell bears protrusions 11 with cones 12. The latter are inserted into combined cell 7 to 1-2 widths of channel for withdrawing magnesium. Height of caps 13 of combined cell 7 is equal to or greater than that of vertical cross- section of fittings 14 for sanitary-technical suction and their side walls are close to the fittings. Caps 13 may be U-shaped or of a box-type. EFFECT: facilitated removal of sludge from electrolytic compartments; increased capacity of electrolyzer; reduced environmental outbursts of chlorine. Изобретение относится к цветной металлургии и может быть использовано для получения магния электролизом расплавленных хлоридов. Цель изобретения - снижение трудозатрат на удаление шлама из электролитических отделений, увеличение мощности электролизера, снижение выбросов хлора в зону обслуживания. Электролизер состоит из кожуха 1, футеровки 2, электролитических отделений 3 со стальными катодами 4, введенными через продольную стенку, и графитовыми анодами 5, введенными через подину. Аноды 5 размещены на 1 - 4 междуэлектродных расстояния от продольной стенки. Катодные экраны 6 прилегают к футеровке, но могут быть размещены на 1 - 2,5 междуэлектродных расстояния от