METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON BASE OF DRILLING FLUIDS

FIELD: petroleum industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of refining petroleum and low-value weighted fractions of primary and secondary petroleum refining processes and producing a special hydrocarbon base for drilling fluids used in the petroleum and gas industry in the technological process of drilling gas and petroleum boreholes. In the method for producing a hydrocarbon base for drilling solutions, mixtures of weighted middle-distillate fractions of primary and secondary petroleum refining processes, boiling in the temperature range from 155 to 455°C or vacuum gas oil produced in distillation of petroleum residue boiling in the temperature range from 280 to 460°C, are subjected to a process of deep hydrogenation: said mixtures of weighted middle-distillate fractions at a temperature of 325 to 420°C and a pressure of 20.0 to 31.0 MPa on a nickel-tungsten-sulphide catalyst, adding aluminium oxide, or on a catalyst containing hydrogenating components - nickel, molybdenum in the oxide form, and said vacuum gas oil at a temperature of 350 to 420°C and a pressure of 23.0 to 32.0 MPa on a catalyst containing hydrogenating components - nickel, molybdenum in the oxide form on an alumina carrier, adding silicon oxide. The hydrogenation product produced in the process of deep hydrogenation is additionally treated with an aqueous alkali solution and subjected to fractionation, extracting the target fraction of a hydrocarbon base for drilling fluids, boiling in the range of 195 to 320°C, exhibiting the following quality characteristics: the content of aromatic compounds no more than 3 wt.%, total sulphur no more than 0.001 wt.%, pour point not higher than minus 40°C, flash point in a closed crucible not lower than 80°C.EFFECT: expansion of the raw material base and scope of technological solutions for producing a hydrocarbon base for drilling fluids while simultaneously reducing the production cost thereof, fire safety, environmental safety of the hydrocarbon base for drilling fluids, possibility of storage and operation of the liquid hydrocarbon base in cold climatic zones, allowing for a drilling process with minimum possible power consumption.1 cl, 2 dwg, 12 tbl, 4 ex Изобретение относится к области переработки нефти и малоценных утяжеленных фракций процессов первичной и вторичной переработки нефти и получения специальной углеводородной основы для буровых растворов, используемых в нефтяной и газовой промышленности в технологическом процессе бурения г