CRACKING CATALYST FOR HEAVY OIL RESIDUES, VISCOUS AND HIGH VISCOUS OIL

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical technology of producing cracking catalysts of heavy oil residues, viscous and high viscous oil. Described is a catalyst for cracking heavy oil residues, viscous and high viscous oil, heavy and super heavy oil feedstock, which includes a carrier, a hydrogenating component selected as one or more metals from the group: nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten, wherein the carrier is a highly porous cellular support from a metal selected from: nickel, chromium, copper, iron, titanium, aluminum in an individual form or in combinations with each other, or from aluminum oxide, of iron oxide or in combination with each other; carrier is characterized by porosity of not less than 85 %, average size of pores (cells) of 0.5-6.0 mm; on a highly porous cellular support there is a layer of a secondary carrier selected from: zeolite, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminosilicate, iron silicate, clay or any combination thereof; secondary carrier is characterized by thickness from 10 to 2,000 mcm, specific surface area of not less than 20 m/g, pore volume from 0.1 to 1.0 cm/g, wherein pores with diameter greater than 5 nm are not less than 50 % of total pore volume; secondary carrier is characterized by the presence of Bronsted and Lewis acid centres, wherein according to temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, the number of medium and strong acid centres of Bronsted and Lewis with temperature ranges of ammonia desorption of 250-350 °C and more than 350 °C is 1-1,500 and 1-1,500 mcmol/g, respectively, and ratio of medium and strong acid centres of Bronsted and Lewis is 1-10:1-5; modifying element is placed either on the main carrier, or on the secondary carrier, or on both carriers; secondary carrier in total catalyst composition is not less than 5 wt%, with the following ratio of components, wt%: secondary carrier 5.0-40.0; modifying element 0-40.0; highly porous cellular carrier - balance.EFFECT: high activity of the cracking catalyst, duration of its inter-regeneration period, improved mass transfer, high efficiency of cracking.1 cl, 7 ex, 2 tbl Изобретение относится к химической технологии производства катализаторов крекинга тяжелых остатков нефти, вязкой и высоковязкой нефти. Описан катализатор крекинга тяжелых остатков нефти, вязкой и высоковязкой нефти, тяжелого и сверхтяжелого нефтяного сырья, включающий носитель, гидрирующий компонент, в качестве которого выб