REACTOR (VARIANTS) AND METHOD OF FAULT DIAGNOSTICS OF OPTIMISATION OF PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS C3-C5 DEHYDRATION REACTOR STRUCTURE

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: reactor contains a vertical cylindrical body (1), inlet tubes (11) and circulating catalyst outlet tubes (10), raw material feed lines (8) and a contact gas tube (16), a raw material vapor distributor (2) at the bottom of the housing (1), grids (3) with a free-flowing section that increases along the reactor's height, separating the fluidized layer zone into sections (4) and the contact gas purification cyclones (5) from the catalyst dust in the upper part of the housing (1) with the dust descent risers (13) equipped with valves (14) for returning the trapped catalyst to the fluidized layer. At the same time, tubes (7), (6) are installed along the height of the housing (1), connected to devices for measuring temperature and pressure differences respectively, nipples (7), (6) are installed in groups with tubes (7), (6) in horizontal plane. At that, the groups are set according to the height of the housing (1) in such a way that the group of lower tubes(7), (6) is located at or above the raw material vapor distributor (2), and the upper tube group (7), (6) is at or below the inlet of the contact gas into the cyclones (5). Simultaneously, in the fluidized catalyst layer, the groups of tubes (7), (6) are installed above and below the lower grids (3), and between these grids one or more groups of tubes (7), (6) are installed. One or more grids (3) are located between said groups of tubes (7), (6). A method for diagnosing reactor failures is also provided, wherein temperature and pressure differences are measured between the tubes groups (7), (6) in the fluidized layer sections (4) and the amount of catalyst in the sections is determined.EFFECT: increase of dehydrogenation indicators, decrease of catalyst offsetting from the reactor.31 cl, 6 dwg Изобретение относится к области нефтехимии, в частности к реакторам с кипящим слоем, в том числе к реакторам получения олефиновых углеводородов C-Cдегидрированием соответствующих парафиновых углеводородов, используемых в дальнейшем для получения основных мономеров синтетического каучука, а также при производстве полипропилена, метилтретичнобутилового эфира и пр. Реактор содержит вертикальный цилиндрический корпус (1), патрубки ввода (11) и вывода (10) циркулирующего катализатора, трубопроводы ввода сырья (8) и патрубок вывода контактного газа (16), распределитель паров сырья (2) в нижней части корпуса (1), решетки (3) с возрастающим по высоте реактора свободным сечением, разделяющие