METHOD OF ORGANIC AND POLYMER WASTES PROCESSING

FIELD: process engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to thermal depolymerisation of natural and secondary organic stock, for example, solid domestic wastes. Proposed method comprises stock loading with preliminary separation and grinding with drying. In differs from know processes in that drying is carried out jointly with catalyst low-cal natural fuel. Then, paste is prepared from ground material and solvent, i.e. distillate obtained in liquid products distillation. Note here that further step depolymerisation of reaction mass is performed at 200-400°C and normal barometric pressure at the cascade of to pairs of series reactors. Whereat depolymerisation temperature reaches 200°C in said first pair and 200-300°C in said second pair combined by circulating flows: gaseous flow forming in said reaction medium a reducing medium in the form of synthesis gas (CO and H) formed by vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon gases escaping from depolymerisation reactors and displaced by gas pump via heater of reducing gases from reaction system. Synthesis gas is discharged to produce motor fuels, i.e. methanol, dimethyl ether or gasoline. Liquid hydrocarbon phase is separated from solid unreacted components to allow their yield of 40% of total initial mass of solid wastes to be discharged from the system by circulation pumps and directed for production of oil briquettes and/or combustible capsules. Note here that said liquid reaction hydrocarbon mix is directed, after solid residue separation therefrom to hot separation, cooling and distillation. Besides, smaller portion of distillate is retuned to mixer for making paste at appropriate stage. While smaller portion is separated into target fractions: one with boiling point of up to 200°C and second with boiling point above 200°C but not over 310°C.EFFECT: wasteless, non-polluting and efficient process.1 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 2 ex Изобретение относится к методам термической деполимеризации природных и вторичных органических ресурсов, например твердых бытовых отходов (ТБО). Способ переработки органических и полимерных отходов включает загрузку сырья с предварительной сепарацией, измельчение с подсушкой, отличается тем, что подсушку осуществляют совместно с катализатором и низкокалорийным природным топливом, затем готовят пасту из измельченного материала и растворителя - дистиллята, получаемого при дистилляции жидких продуктов, при этом предусматривают дальнейшую ступенчатую деполимеризацию реакционной массы с температуро