THERMAL ENGINE AND OPERATING METHOD OF THERMAL ENGINE

FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: thermal engine includes expansion machine with devices for implementation of thermodynamic operating cycle of engine, cooling system, preparation system of working medium components, preparation system of gas fuel composition of working medium, cooling and recovery system and device, as well as power takeoff system. Preparation system of one of the above components, and namely that containing gas mixture oxidiser, includes compressor in-series connected by means of a channel and having not less than two devices of stepped mixture compression. One of the sections of the above channel is mounted with possibility of connecting to it before and/or after the cooling device of compressor of additional channel for intermediate extraction of compressed gas mixture and supply of the latter to cooling system of expansion machine. Mixture compression device which is located at maximum distance from intake device is interconnected with preparation system of gas fuel composition of working medium in expansion machine at least through one recuperator. Each recuperator has heat exchange circuit for warming-up the above gas mixture, with possibility of control, which is interconnected with supply channel of hot exhaust gases to it, and at least one recuperator has the possibility of additional regeneration and recovery to combustion chamber of the heat utilised from cooling system of expansion machine. In operating method of thermal engine the compression of component, mainly air, is performed at least partially before the latter is supplied to combustion chamber, subject to cooling during compression process, and after compression it is subject to after-heating using the heat of combustion products - exhaust gases and heat of cooling of the enclosures of a chamber or chambers of combustion; for that purpose the engine is equipped with recovery system of the above types of leaving heat and through the latter it is connected to the compressor having the cooling system of compressed component, by means of which the above compressed component with flow separation is supplied to prechamber and immediately to working zone of combustion chamber. ^ EFFECT: increasing effective engine power and increasing efficiency coefficient owing to recovery introduction to the engine operation of heat of combustion products - exhaust gases, including the heat of cooling of combustion chambers of thermal engine expansion machine, which is included in the