COMPOSITE PROPELLANTS BASED ON POLYETHER-POLYOL BINDERS
The invention relates to a process for preparing a solid composite fuel for rocket engines. According to the invention, the process consists of the following stages: preparing a polyurethane binder based on polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate, in the presence of inert plasticizers, such...
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Zusammenfassung: | The invention relates to a process for preparing a solid composite fuel for rocket engines. According to the invention, the process consists of the following stages: preparing a polyurethane binder based on polypropylene glycol and isophorone diisocyanate, in the presence of inert plasticizers, such as dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate and diisononyl ester of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid or energy plasticizers, such as triethylene glycol dinitrate, by catalysis with dibutyltin laurate, with mixing in mass ratios of 15...25% polyurethane binder with 75...85% solid filler consisting of 85...90% oxidant, selected from ammonium perchlorate and phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate and 10...15% fuel of Al powder or Al-Mg alloy powder mixture, at a temperature of 20...25°C, for 30...40 min, pouring the mixture into moulds which are introduced into an oven, under vacuum, and maintained to 45...55°C for 60...84 h, to result in a solid composite material with enhanced energy and mechanical performance characteristics.
Invenţia se referă la un procedeu de obţinere a unui combustibil compozit solid pentru motoare de rachetă. Procedeul, conform invenţiei, constă în etapele: prepararea a unui liant poliuretanic pe bază de polipropilenglicol şi diizocianat de izoforonă, în prezenţă de plastifianţi inerţi de tip dioctilftalat, dioctiladipat sau diizononil ester al acidului 1,2-ciclohexandicarboxilic sau plastifianţi energetici de tip dinitrat de trietilenglicol, prin cataliză cu staniu dibutil laurat, amestecare în procente masice a 15...25% liant poliuretanic cu 75...85% umplutură solidă formată din 85...90% oxidant ales dintre perclorat de amoniu sau azotat de amoniu stabilizat în fază şi 10...15% carburant pulbere de Al sau amestec de pulbere de aliaj Al-Mg, la temperatura de 20...25°C, timp de 30...40 min, turnarea amestecului în matriţe care sunt introduse în etuvă sub vid şi menţinute la 45...55°C timp de 60...84 h, rezultând un material compozit solid având caracteristici de performanţă energetice şi mecanice îmbunătăţite. |
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