ULTRA-FAST DIRECT CURRENT SHORT-CIRCUITER FOR THE ELECTRICAL PROTECTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

The invention relates to an ultra-fast direct current short-circuiter for the electrical protection of photovoltaic systems. According to the invention, the short-circuiter comprises an input terminal (9) and an output terminal (1), between which there is arranged an electric circuit composed of a semiconductor diode (13) characterized by a unidirectional conductivity, connected in series with a fusible element (10) having an ultra-fast time-current characteristic, and, in parallel with this circuit, a current path formed by a flexible wire braid (8), a mobile contact support (4) articulated in a bearing (7), a mobile electrical contact (3b) brazed on the support (4) and a fixed electrical contact (2), the current path being in the normally-open position, a position ensured by a resistive wire (11) that mechanically couples the mobile contact support (4) on the fusible element (10), by means of an insulator (12); upon a high current between the terminals (1, 9) of the short-circuiter, the semiconductor diode (13) enters the conduction mode, the fusible element (10) triggers, releases the resistive wire (11) and, due to the force Fr1 developed by an compressed extension spring (6 ) coupled between the mobile contact support (4) and a chassis (5), the mobile contact support (4) performs a rotation motion until the mobile electrical contact (3b) touches the fixed electrical contact (3a), thereby closing the short-circuiter. Invenţia se referă la un scurtcircuitor ultrarapid de curent continuu pentru protecţia electrică a sistemelor fotovoltaice. Scurtcircuitorul, conform invenţiei, cuprinde un terminal de intrare (9) şi un terminal de ieşire (1), între care este dispus un circuit electric compus dintr-o diodă semiconductoare (13) caracterizată printr-o conductivitate unidirecţională, înseriată cu un element fuzibil (10) având o caracteristică timp-curent ultrarapidă, şi, în paralel cu acest circuit, o cale de curent formată dintr-o tresă flexibilă (8), un suport contact mobil (4) articulat într-un lagăr (7), un contact electric mobil (3b) brazat pe suport (4) şi un contact electric fix (2), calea de curent fiind aflată în poziţia normal deschisă, poziţie asigurată de un fir rezistiv (11) ce cuplează mecanic suportul contact mobil (4) pe elementul fuzibil (10), prin intermediul unui izolator (12); la apariţia unui curent ridicat Ii între terminalele (1, 9) scurtcircuitorului, dioda semiconductoare (13) intră în conducţie, elementul fuzibil (10) declanşează, el