DEVICE FOR DETERMINING MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOILS BY AXIALLY SYMMETRICAL COMPRESSION TESTS, PROCESS FOR TESTING IN SAMPLING NOZZLE, PROCESS FOR TESTING THE SAMPLES AND PROCESS ONE/TWO FOR PROVIDING SAMPLE SHAPES

The invention relates to a device for establishing the compressibility parameters of soil samples, meant to be used especially in geotechnics and foundations research, to a process for testing in the sampling nozzle, a process for testing samples and two processes for providing sample shapes. According to the invention, the device comprises a counterweight (1) located on the lever arm (2) to which a hook rod (3) is attached, a main loading system (14) connected to the support table (17), a sample consolidation/loading assembly comprising a guide (4) which supports the main loading system (14), a dynamometric ring (5), an upper plate (8), an assembly (11) comprising a cylinder/nozzle embedded in the lower plate which is connected by means of three supports to the base plate located on the support table (17), two hoses connecting the water tank (6) to the upper plate (8) which moves vertically and on which there are three micro comparators which are placed as follows: two on one stand (13) and one on another stand (12) for monitoring the sample settlement, a tripod (7) with the role of stopping and maintaining the load, a loading stamp (8), a yoke (9) joined by two bars (10) to the secondary loading system (16), the settlement being recorded by two micro comparators placed on the yoke (9). The testing process, as claimed by the invention, consists in bringing the sample to a strain and deformation state similar to the one in situ, by applying a pressure equal to the geological load or to the pre-consolidation pressure, by means of the main loading system. The process for providing the sample shape, as claimed, consists in integrating isobars of up to 0.09 p in the sample body by coring the sample in case of type I test, or placing the loading stamp (8) in the sample at the start of the consolidation stage for type II tests. Invenţia se referă la un dispozitiv pentru stabilirea parametrilor compresibilităţii probelor de pământ utilizat în special pentru cercetări în domeniul geotehnicii şi fundaţiilor, la un procedeu de încercare în ştuţ, la un procedeu de încercare a probelor, şi la două procedee de asigurare a formei probelor. Dispozitivul conform invenţiei este constituit dintr-o contragreutate (1) dispusă pe braţul (2) de pârghie de care este ataşată o tijă (3) cu cârlig, un sistem (14) de încărcare principal, conectat la masa (17) suport, un ansamblu pentru consolidarea/încărcarea probei, compus din ghidajul (4) care susţine sistemul (14) de încărcare pr