DEVICE FOR ALLOWING FOOD INGESTION AND ESOPHAGEAL PROSTHETIC LAPAROGASTROSCOPICAL PROCESS

The invention relates to a mini-invasive surgical method and to a stent, the method being specific to the three - proximal, middle and distal - esophageal levels, needed and used in case of ingestion incapacity caused by stenoses of the esophageal lumen. According to the invention, the method consists in introducing and fixing a stent through the stenotic area (drill, bore, dilatation) by means differing from the endoscopic ones and characteristic to open surgery, but especially laparoscopical (by traction), preceded by the drilling or the progressive dilatation of the stenosed area and uses for the first time the transparietogastrical laparoscopic approach with oral, esophageal and gastric visualization of a mandrin guide introduced orally or rear-transgastrically, which surpasses stenoses of 2 mm diameter, sometimes smaller, by means of the guide there being mounted, by traction and drilling or dilatation, the semi-rigid or expandable esophageal stent with the possibility of adjusting the stent position by traction in the esophagus axis, in case of topographically correctable malpositions. As claimed by the invention, the stents are as follows: a simple one (f.1, 6), for the middle esophagus, a complex one (f.2, 3, 7), for the distal esophagus (eso-gastric junction) with antireflux function and for complexity purposes and an intermediary one (f.8, 4, 5) meant for the pharyngoesophageal junction with anti-siphon function, for protecting the aerial ways, the larynx aperture when it is still preserved, the three types having a complex system of blocking the oral migration, consisting of the significantly dilated cranial ampule (A), the possibility of pharyngeal anchorage of the stent (B) and the spiral system (C), not circular, gorget-like, shifting the effect of peristaltis, the backwards migration during the regurgitation effort being less protected, the distal ring (H) offering an illusory obstruction, the pharyngoesophageal localization of the prosthesis and the fixing to the posterior pharyngeal wall through the orifice made into the ampule wall.