ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS AND CELL FOR PREPARING METAL TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS

The invention relates to a process for preparing metal titanium and titanium alloys and to an electrolytic cell for applying said process. The claimed process consists in electrically reducing the titanium dioxide or a mixture of titanium dioxide with oxides of the alloying elements in an electrolyte bath, comprising calcium chloride and sodium chloride mixture, using a solid cathode made of titanium oxide or a mixture of oxides as a pressed-sintered cylinder, and a super dense graphite anode, the reduction of TiObeing carried out by the deoxidation thereof, and of the alloying metal oxides, respectively, and by the calciothermal reduction of oxides, the process taking place at a temperature of 700...750°C, a voltage of 2,0...3,0 V and an initial cathode current density of 0.2...0.3 A/cm, continuously decreasing. The claimed electrolytical cell comprises a tank manufactured of a ceramic crucible (2), of silicon and aluminium oxynitride with a circular orifice for mounting the support of the cathode (8) made of refractory stainless steel, the cathode (7) comprising TiOor a mixture of pressed oxides, the crucible being introduced in a housing (1) made of refractory stainless steel, which, at its base, it is joined with a retaining nut (10) with inside thread, wherein there is mounted a metal pipe (11) for supporting and positioning the cell on the vertical, the cell also containing a cylindrically shaped super dense graphite anode (5) and an anode holder pipe (3) for collecting and discharging the anode gas and for feeding with raw materials. Invenţia se referă la un procedeu de obţinere a titanului metalic şi a aliajelor de titan, şi la o celulă de electroliză, pentru aplicarea procedeului. Procedeul conform invenţiei constă în electroreducerea dioxidului de titan sau a unui amestec de dioxid de titan cu oxizi ai elementelor de aliere, într-o baie de electrolit, formată dintr-un amestec de clorură de calciu şi clorură de sodiu, utilizând un catod solid, de oxid de titan, sau un amestec de oxizi sub formă de cilindru presat-sinterizat, şi un anod de grafit superdens, reducerea TiOavând loc prin dezoxidarea acestuia, respectiv, a oxizilor metalelor de aliere, şi prin reducerea calciotermică a oxizilor, procedeul desfăşurându-se la o temperatură de 700...750°C, o tensiune de 2,0...3,0 V şi o densitate catodică de curent, iniţială, de 0,2...0,3 A/cm, descrescătoare continuu. Celula de electroliză, conform invenţiei, este formată dintr-o cuvă confecţionată dintr