HOMOPOLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS PREPARED BY EMULSION, AND DEVICE FOR SUCH PREPARATION

The invention is a process and a correspondingly suitable device to prepare homopolymers or else copolymers of at least one of polymerizable monomers of group consisting of styrene, butadiene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, alkyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylonitrile and (meth)acrylamide, wherein reaction is carried out at a temperature of at least 40 degree C in presence of a dispersion auxiliary and a free radicals polymerization initiator, such that at least 85 percent by weight of polymer is formed from these monomers. In multiple-stages process procedure is such that: a) in a stage water is added as solvent which is inert in reaction, and dispersion auxiliaries, seeds and a first monomer(s) portion is added, if desired, b) in a stage, an initiator is added, and c) in a third stage monomer(s) balance is added directly or else in emulsion form, and in presence of additional water and, if desired, additional dispersion auxiliary or else other auxiliaries, are added, it is possible to perform any of both stages as a single stage. Reaction mixture found in emulsion form is displaced in all stages, or else in certain stages, through an external circuit carried from reaction container and in return towards such reaction container, and comprising at least a low shear stress pump, and at least a heat exchanger having an essentially laminar flow profile. Products prepared by this process include short preparation periods, and have good performance properties (for adhesive unions, for example). Se presenta un proceso y un dispositivo correspondientemente apropiado para preparar homopolímeros o bien copolímeros de al menos uno de los monomeros polímerizables del grupo que consiste de estíreno, butadieno, cloruro de vinilo , acetato de vinilo, cloruro de vinilideno, (met)acrilato de alquilo, ácido (met)acrilico, (met)acrilontrilo y (met)acrilamída, en donde la reaccion de lleva a cabo a una temperatura de al menos 40 degree C en precencia de un auxiliar de dispersion y de un iniciador de polímerizacion de radicales libres de tal manera que al menos el 85% en peso del polímero se forma de estos monomeros. En el proceso de etapas multiples el procedimiento es tal que: a) en una etapa se agrega agua como solvente que es inerte en la reaccion, y auxiliares de dispersion, semillas y una primera porcion de monomero(s) se agregan, si se desea, b) en una etapa, se agrega un iniciador, y c) en una tercera etapa se agrega el resto del