Gas purification method and equipment of liquid carbon dioxide preparation for utilization of carbon dioxide in emission gas from power generation plant

According to the present invention, provided is a method for purifying the exhaust gas of a power plant for the recycling of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the power plant, which comprises the steps of: producing an absorbent liquid in which iron ions have been dissolved, adding peroxide to the absorbent liquid, generating sulfuric acid ions and nitric acid ions from sulfur dioxide gas and a nitrogen oxide included in the exhaust gas of a power plant by passing the exhaust gas of the power plant through the absorbent liquid, capturing the sulfuric acid ions and the nitric acid ions into the absorbent liquid by performing oxidation at room temperature and pressure and increasing solubility, and neutralizing and eliminating the sulfuric acid ions and the nitric acid ions. According to the present invention, provided is an apparatus for purifying the exhaust gas of a power plant for the recycling of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the power plant, the apparatus comprising a reactor, wherein four columns partitioned by three flaps are formed inside the reactor, the exhaust gas of a power plant is injected into the lower portion of the first column and the injected gas is raised in the form of bubbles along with a liquid catalyst inside the reactor, and thus the raised liquid catalyst moves over the upper end of the first flap, descends in the second column, moves to the third column via the lower side of the second flap, ascends, moves over the upper end of the third flap, descends in the fourth column, and moves back to the first column via the lower end of the reactor. While the liquid catalyst is being circulated, sulfur dioxide gas and a nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas are captured and eliminated by the absorbent liquid of the liquid catalyst inside the reactor and carbon dioxide is discharged and separated through a gas vent formed at the upper end of the reactor. 본 발명에 따른 발전소 배출가스 중의 이산화탄소 활용을 위한 발전소 배출가스 정화방법은 철이온이 용해된 흡수액을 제조하고 과산화수소를 첨가하여 발전소의 배출가스를 상기 흡수액에 통과시켜 발전소 배출가스 중에 포함된 아황산가스 및 질소산화물로부터 황산이온 및 질산이온을 생성하고 상기 황산이온 및 질산이온을 상온 상압에서 산화시키고 용해도를 증가시켜 상기 흡수액에 포집하고 이를 중화하여 제거하는 것을 특징으로 하고, 발전소 배출가스 중의 이산화탄소 활용을 위한 발전소 배출가스 정화장치로서 반응기의 내부는 세 개의 판막에 의해 구획되는 4개의 칼럼이 형성되고, 제1칼럼의 하부에 발전소의 배출가스가 주입되어 주입된 가스가 버블형태로 반응기 내부의 액상촉매와 함께 상승하게 하며, 이에 따라 상승한 액상촉매는 제1판막의 상단을 넘어 제2칼럼에서 하강한 다음 상기 제2판막의 하측을 통해 제3칼럼으로 이동하여 상승하고, 제3판막의 상단을 넘어 제4칼럼에서 하강한 다음 액상촉매는 반응기 하단부를 거쳐 다시 제1칼럼으로 이동하여 액상촉매가 순환하면서 배출가스 중 아황산가스 및 질소산화물은 반응기 내부에서 액상촉매의 흡수액에 포집하여 제거되