Spectral analysis of a sample

Spectral analysis of a sample, for example Raman spectroscopy of pharmaceutical dosage forms e.g. tablets or capsules, uses delivery optics 16 to direct probe light to a region 13 of the sample 12, collection optics 20 to collect probe light scattered from a region 17 of the sample, and a spectrometer 26 having an entrance port 28, the spectrometer receiving the collected probe light from the collection optics at the entrance port, and detecting spectral features in the received probe light. The collection optics comprise Koehler integration optics 100 to process the collected probe light such that the collected light from each point of the collection region is distributed across the entrance port of the spectrometer. The collection optics may include an optical fibre bundle 32, collimator lenses and spectral filters. The spectral filters may block wavelengths of the probe light but allow Raman scattered wavelengths to pass.