On-board simulation system for receiving marine AIS signals and testing method

The present invention discloses an on-board simulation system for receiving marine AIS signals and a testing method. The simulation system comprises: multiple AIS receivers for receiving AIS signals of a vessel, each AIS receiver being respectively connected to a timing unit, and the multiple AIS receivers being connected to a summary processor by means of a communication network; the summary processor for combining data of the multiple AIS receivers, deleting redundant data, and forming an AIS database; a flight simulator for manipulating a flying height and direction of a simulation aircraft, and simulating a flight path of a real aircraft; and an AIS signal generator for incorporating the AIS database according to an aircraft position and a time point sent from the flight simulator, calculating all AIS signals received by the aircraft at the time point, and sending the AIS signals to an RF generator to generate VHF RF signals. The present invention resolves the issue of large differences between existing on-board AIS simulation tests and actual application scenarios, and is applicable to the development of an on-board AIS signal simulation and a testing apparatus.