Adaptive optical apparatus, optical system, and optical wavefront compensation method

This compensating optical device is provided with: a first deformable mirror (4) including a reflective surface (21) that reflects light propagated through the air and a drive unit (22); a second deformable mirror (5) including a reflective surface (26) and a drive unit (27); an optical path branching unit (13); a first auxiliary deformable mirror (14) including a reflective surface (51) corresponding to the first deformable mirror and a drive unit (52); a second auxiliary deformable mirror (15) including a reflective surface (56) corresponding to the second deformable mirror and a drive unit (57); a first detection unit (8); a second detection unit (9); and a control unit. The control unit includes: a first compensating optical control unit (31) which, on the basis of a value detected by the first detection unit when controlling the drive unit of the first auxiliary deformable mirror to change the uneven shape of the reflective surface of the first auxiliary deformable mirror, carries out a first optimization operation involving controlling the drive unit of the first deformable mirror to update the uneven shape of the reflective surface of the first deformable mirror; and a second compensating optical control unit (32) which, on the basis of a value detected by the second detection unit when controlling the drive unit of the second auxiliary deformable mirror to change the uneven shape of the reflective surface of the second auxiliary deformable mirror, carries out a second optimization operation involving controlling the drive unit of the second deformable mirror to update the uneven shape of the reflective surface of the second deformable mirror.