Sustancia para recoger petróleo o productos del petróleo de la superficie del agua y método de utilización de la misma (variantes)

Material para recoger petróleo o productos del petróleo de la superficie del agua, que contiene un polímero natural, caracterizado porque además incluye un material tensioactivo biodegradable en forma de solución acuosa con una concentración mínima de 0,1 g/l, el polímero natural representa microgeles de polisacárido de 20.000-200.000 Daltons y un tamaño de partícula dentro del intervalo de 50-600 nm en forma de una solución acuosa con una concentración de al menos 0,2 g/l, mientras que la relación entre los microgeles de polisacárido y el material tensioactivo biodegradable está en el intervalo de 12:1 a 2:1. This group of inventions relates to organic chemistry and can be used for skimming films of petrol, oils, black oil, fuels, hydrocarbons and other petroleum products, aiming at cleaning the surface of water and also at cleaning natural water flows polluted with oil or oil products. The material for skimming oil or oil products from the surface of water includes a natural polymer, and- additionally- it includes a biodegradable surface-active agents in the form of a water solution of at least 0.1 g/l concentration, while the natural polymer represents polysaccharide microgels of 20,000-200,000 Dalton mass and 50-600 nm particle size in the form of a water solution of at least 0.2 g/l concentration, while the ratio between the polysaccharide microgels and the biodegradable surface-active agent is 12:1-2:1. The methods of skimming petroleum or petroleum products from the surface of water include treatment of the surface of a film of water include treatment of the surface of a film of petroleum or its products with an agent, then scooping up the product of their interaction. The agent represents polysaccharide microgels of 20,000-200,000 Daltons mass and 50-600 nm particle size. In accordance with the Version 1, either prior to spraying with the agent or after the spraying, the film of oil or oil products is or its part are treated with the biodegradable surface-active agent or, according to the second version, the agent is a-priori mixed with a biodegradable surface-active material until the ratio between the polysaccharide microgels to the biodegradable surface-active agent fits into the 12:1-2:1 range. The technological results are: reduced specific consumption of the agents used in the process of skimming oil or oil products from the surface of water.