BATTERY SYSTEM STATE OF HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM

A monitoring system (120) for a battery system (110) comprising one or more battery cells (110). Monitoring system (120) comprises one or more sensors (125) for measuring characteristics associated with battery system (110) during a charge or discharge operation, and a processing device (130) communicatively coupled with the one or more sensors (125). Processing device (130) comprises a preprocessor (135) configured to receive measurement data from the at least one sensor (125) and a neural network (140) configured to receive processed data from preprocessor (135). Based on the received measurement data, preprocessor (135) determines a rate of change of a first measured characteristic against one of: time; or a second measured characteristic associated with battery system (110) measured during the charge or discharge operation, wherein the second measured characteristic is different from the first measured characteristic. Neural network (140) is configured to use the determined rate of change from preprocessor (135) as an input to determine a state of health (SOH) of battery system (110).