Arc welding apparatus, arc welding system, and arc welding method

An arc welding apparatus (A1, A2) includes: a driving unit (41) for advancing and retreating a welding consumable (44) with respect to a workpiece (W) to generate a short circuit condition and an arc condition; a state detecting unit (U2) for detecting respective starts of the short circuit condition and the arc condition based on a voltage between the workpiece and the welding consumable; a time detecting unit (U3) for detecting that an elapsed time from the start of the short circuit condition reaches a reference time (t2, t3) using a time shorter than an estimated continuation time of the short circuit condition as the reference time; and a power control unit (U5) for reducing an electric current between the workpiece and the welding consumable corresponding to a state where the elapsed time reaches the reference time and raising the electric current after the start of the arc condition.